This paper analyzes the competition for the political and cultural integration of the Hungarian-speaking community of Szeklers into the Hungarian and Romanian national-states during the interwar period. A traditional East European peasant community facing the challenges of both modernization and state-building, the Szeklers first called for regional autonomy during the “Székely Kongresszus” held in Tusnádfűrdő/Tuşnad in 1902.
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